Nursing Essay

Question

Reading material
Module 4 will highlight quality and performance improvement approaches in healthcare organizations along with ways to build a culture of quality and safety. This module will also review basic computer concepts along with concepts of information privacy and confidentiality. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) outlines 5 core competencies that are critical for healthcare professionals in providing high-quality safe care. Module 4 will discuss the fifth competency: utilize informatics.
Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is a global strategy for improving health care in various settings. CQI is defined as a structural organizational process for involving personnel in planning and executing a continuous flow of improvements to provide quality health care that meets or exceeds expectations (Denisco & Burke, 2016). Essential for successful CQI in healthcare are leadership and teamwork. Although CQI has been widely used there has been a lack of documentation of progress in improving quality of health care and a reduction of harm to patients (Denisco & Burke, 2016).
In 1999 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) released a report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, in hopes of developing a comprehensive strategy to reduce preventable medical errors. Although advances have been made there is room for much more improvement since numerous patients continue to suffer from preventable medical errors. No longer do we look just at the hospitals when studying medical errors; we must include various other agencies within the healthcare arena. It is essential that we keep patients safe but agreeing on how to do this is the issue. There are many stakeholders involved all with their own proposed solutions. Despite the barriers of the patient safety movement much progress has been made. Central issues and system-level weaknesses have been identified and various sectors of the healthcare industry now have a better understanding of the critical role they play in improving patient safety. 
Health care technology is increasingly becoming an integral part of the U.S. health care delivery system and is declared by strategists as a means where sustained improvement in health care outcomes can be attained. Advanced professional nurses, through their roles in patient care delivery, have a pivotal role in this technology deployment, maintenance, and evolution and although nurses are involved in technology in health care, the specific roles are diverse. Of those many roles, nursing informatics has become one of those key roles.
Informatics nurse specialists have been working in health care organizations for decades. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), the role of the informatics nurse is distinguished from other informatics roles by its association with patient care delivery.
ANA provided the current definition in 2015 as:
Nursing informatics (NI) is the specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information management and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. NI supports nurses, consumers, patients, the interprofessional healthcare team, and other stakeholders in their decision-making in all roles and settings to achieve desired outcomes. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology. 
The goal of NI is to improve the health of populations, communities, families, and individuals by optimizing information management and communication. These activities include the design and use of informatics solutions and/or technology to support all areas of nursing, including, but not limited to, the direct provision of care, establishing effective administrative systems, designing useful decision support systems, managing and delivering educational experiences, enhancing life long learning, and supporting nursing research.
Privacy is a means of protecting health information so that it is not used or disclosed except as authorized by the individual. It protects the privacy of the individual. This applies to business partners of a given organization as well as to the organization itself. Whereas privacy addresses protection of information for the individual, confidentiality and security address protection of the information itself. Confidentiality means that information, once allowed to be disclosed by the individual, will not be shared without the permission of the individual thereby keeping it confidential.
Objectives
• Discuss the characteristics of continuous quality improvement (CQI).
• Identify problems that occur when implementing CQI in practice settings.
• Discuss security issues that have evolved as a result of the introduction of technology in healthcare.
• Define a culture of safety in the healthcare environment.
• Discuss the need for cultures of safety in healthcare organizations.
• Discuss the benefits of information systems for storage and retrieval for data for clients and populations.
• Discuss the role of the professional nurse related to implementation of technology to improve patient outcomes.
• Discuss the relationship of informatics to nursing.
• Discuss the IOM competency: Utilize informatics.


ASSIGNEMNT
Scholarly written, APA formatted, and referenced. A minimum of 2 references are required. References must be 1 to 5 years old. 


1. The mission of Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is to improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for Americans. Please go to http://www.guideline.gov and find a current clinical guideline related to a disease commonly seen in your practice area. Provide an overview of the recommendations in this guideline.

2. Discuss how your practice area follows this guideline.

Answer

AHRQ Guideline

Healthcare provision in the United States is one of the broadest and sensitive areas that the government has intervened to ensure the citizens get quality medical care. Among the things that the government has done is to set up the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). This agency was set up to support research for healthcare in the department of health and human services (Burwell, 2015). The agency also provides several clinical guidelines that assist the healthcare providers in achieving the agency’s mission of quality, safety, effectiveness, and efficiency in the field of healthcare (Winters et al., 2016). Among the guidelines found in the perioperative management of HIV- infected patients. The paper discusses an overview of the recommendations in this guideline and how the guideline applies in the area of practice.

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In the recommendations for this guideline, the clinicians are supposed to assess the patients carefully, both non-HIV infected and HIV- infected, before providing any medication or healthcare to them.  When it comes to HIV-infected patients, the clinicians should be aware of the prevalent conditions that they are likely to suffer from. For instance conditions like hepatic and renal dysfunction, drug allergies, cardiac risks and coronary artery disease among others. This guideline recommends that the clinicians should get urine toxicology before administering any medication. This is to determine the history of use of any substances (www.guideline.gov).

As a healthcare provider in the field of nursing, the perioperative management of HIV-infected patients’ guideline applies in several areas. For instance, when caring for patients, the healthcare provider is supposed to get their medical history first to determine whether they suffer from health conditions mentioned in the AHRQ guideline. Besides that, tests to determine the presence of any health conditions should be carried out before administering any antibiotics, anesthetics or any medication.

References

Burwell, S. M. (2015). Setting value-based payment goals—HHS efforts to improve US health care. N Engl J Med372(10), 897-899.

Winters, B. D., Bharmal, A., Wilson, R. F., Zhang, A., Engineer, L., Defoe, D., … & Pronovost, P. J. (2016). Validity of the agency for health care research and quality patient safety indicators and the centers for Medicare and Medicaid hospital-acquired conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medical care54(12), 1105-1111.

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